Climate Extremes Indicators

Cite as

Matthias Büchner, Matthias Mengel, Yi-Ling Hwong, Edward Byers, Mia Werning, Yann Quilcaille (2026): Climate Extremes Indicators (v1.1). ISIMIP Repository. https://doi.org/10.48364/ISIMIP.196458.1

Metadata

DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48364/ISIMIP.196458.1
Title:
Climate Extremes Indicators
Version:
1.1
Creators:
Contact person:

For inquiries concerning this dataset, please contact info@isimip.org.

Abstract:

All indicators are derived from the daily bias-corrected climate data of the ISIMIP3b input datasets and are organized into two groups. The first five are directly calculated from daily mean and maximum 2 m air temperature and daily precipitation, respectively. The remaining four indicators are derived from the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index (FWI), produced by Yi-Ling Hwong (IIASA) and kindly provided to PIK. Currently, the FWI-based indicators cover only the historical period from 1974 onwards and the baseline period for two of these FWI-based indicators is set to 1974–2004. In a future update, we plan to extend the historical time series back to 1851 and apply 1851–1900 as the baseline consistently for all indicators. All data is reduced by masking the marine areas. Detailed descriptions of all indicators are provided below, where each list item corresponds to the variable name used in the dataset.

⚫︎ temp-annual-max (TXx): Annual maximum temperature

⚫︎ temp-variability (TV): Temperature Variability

⚫︎ pr-annual-max (Rx1day): Maximum over the year of the 1-day precipitations

⚫︎ pr-extreme-99-9: Extreme Daily Precipitation Annual Sum (above 99.9th percentile of baseline period daily data)

⚫︎ pr-wetdays-gt1mm (W): Number of wet days > 1mm precipitation

⚫︎ fwi (FWI): Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI)

⚫︎ fwi-annual-max (FWIXx): Maximum of the daily FWI over the year

⚫︎ fwi-ndays-extreme (FWIxd): Number of days with extreme fire weather above 95th percentile of 1974-2004 baseline

⚫︎ fwi-avg-seasonal (FWISA): Annual Maximum of Seasonal Average of Fire Weather Index (90 days running mean)

⚫︎ fwi-season-length (FWILS): Number of days for which the FWI is above the mean of minimum and maximum of the FWI over the reference period 1974-2004 for this single ensemble member

These datasets have been created within the SPARCCLE project framwork as Deliverable D2.1 (https://sparccle.eu/).

Version 1.1. of this dataset extends all four FWI-based indicators to span the period from 1851 to 2100. The two FWI-based indicators, which were previously calculated relative to the base period of 1974–2004, now reflect the change relative to the base period of 1851–1900. In addition, the underlying daily FWI data itself have been included.

Publication date:
Feb. 6, 2026
Publisher:
ISIMIP Repository
Contributors:

Here we list the persons and organizations, who are responsible for the collection, the management, and the publication of this dataset.

Rights

CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication
CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication (CC0 1.0)
When using ISIMIP data for your research, please appropriately credit the data providers, e.g. either by citing the DOI for the dataset, or by appropriate acknowledgment. We strongly encourage to offer co-authorship to at least a representative of the data providers. Further information can be found in our terms of use.

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References

  • Quilcaille, Y., Batibeniz, F., Ribeiro, A. F. S., Padrón, R. S., and Seneviratne, S. I.: Fire weather index data under historical and shared socioeconomic pathway projections in the 6th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project from 1850 to 2100, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2153–2177, 2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2153-2023

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